/
New feature GA

Liquid Clustering

Liquid Clustering is a Databricks data engineering capability, introduced 2024.

Delta Lake data-layout optimization that supersedes Z-ordering and Hive-style partitioning; clustering keys can evolve without rewriting existing data.

  • It replaces both partitioning and Z-ordering, and unlike either you can change the clustering keys later without rewriting a single existing file - old ZORDER columns can even be reused as-is.
  • Databricks now recommends it for all new tables, over both partitioning and Z-ordering.

Limitations: Clustering-on-write doesn't support source queries with filters, joins, or aggregations (DBR 15.1 and below); you can't create a liquid-clustered table via Structured Streaming write (DBR 15.4 LTS and below); and automatic liquid clustering and row-level concurrency aren't available for managed Apache Iceberg v2 tables.

Open in REbricked →
Category
Data engineering
Introduced
2024
Announced at
GA on Databricks Runtime 15.4 LTS and above
Also known as
CLUSTER BY, liquid, automatic liquid clustering
Verified
2026-07-18

Sources

Related in Data engineering